To become the
ruler Aurangzeb decisively killed his elder brother Daro Shikoh and executed
his younger brother and nephew. His militant personality traits caused
disintegration in the Mughal family that left incompetent succession with
revelries after him. He successfully expanded the Mughal Empire to a vast land
during his life time but his successors were not skilful enough to deal with
the enemies that Aurangzeb made during invading different parts.
Aurangzeb’s
religious orthodoxy towards the Hindu provoked them to rise against the Mughals
that caused damaged to the stability of Mughal Empire. There was a secular
Mughal state before Aurangzeb, yet in his regime Aurangzeb reversed the secular
policies by imposing the Jizah. He destroyed many Hindi temples and put
ruthless restrictions on Hindus that made the Hindu’s to rise against the
Mughals. Aurangzeb’s idea’s of imposing the strict religious laws in diversified
land caused hatred among the common population. Due to this ruthlessness amicability
with the Rajput’s reached at the climax. Also his execution of Guru Teg
Bahadur, leader of Sikh caused the hostility with the Mughals that soon became
a cause to led Mughals drive out of Punjab.
To expand the
land Aurangzeb fought wars with Maratha’s for 25 years that weakened the
central administration. The economy was already drained by the wars, yet his
ignorance to the central government gave opportunity to the provinces to exploit
the central economy. The wars in his regime also ruined the industries and
trade of subcontinent. He tried to unify the entire subcontinent under one
central authority, yet because of the brutality that he created due to his
policies it became impossible in practice to apply it. The uprising of other
communities against the oppression challenged the Mughal Empire at its very
nerve centre around the Delhi by Satnam, Jat and the Sikh raised that weakened
the Mughal Empire.
Aurangzeb
destabilized the great Mughal Empire because of the lack of political, social
and economical insight. This rigid personality and harsh policies failed to
deal with a diversified land. Instead of apply the vigorous religious policies;
he should have tried to create a pluralistic society as was done by his
forefathers. Yet, his determination to extend the power to a vast land led to
inclusion of various parts in the Empire, however, the ignorance to the central
government shake the roots and wilted blossomed Empire. His policies had a very
long negative impact on the politic, integrity and stability of the Mughal rule
in the subcontinent.
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